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A powerful adversary, who could analyze the timing and shape of the traffic entering and exiting the Tor network, might be able to deanonymize Tor users. These attacks are called <i>end-to-end correlation</i> attacks, because the attacker has to observe both ends of a Tor circuit at the same time.
Um adversário poderoso, que possa cronometrar e analisar o perfil do tráfego que entra e sai da rede Tor, pode conseguir desanonimizar usuários da rede Tor. Esses ataques são chamados ataques de <i>correlação de ponta-a-ponta</i>, pois o atacante precisa observar ambas as pontas do circuito Tor ao mesmo tempo.
04/04/2025
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File “wiki/src/doc/about/warnings/tor.bg.po” was added. 03/06/2025
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End-to-end correlation attacks have been studied in research papers, but we don't know of any actual use to deanonymize Tor users. For an example, see <a href="https://www.freehaven.net/anonbib/cache/murdoch-pet2007.pdf">Murdoch and Zieliński: Sampled Traffic Analysis by Internet-Exchange-Level Adversaries</a>.
 
03/06/2025
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No anonymity network used for rapid connections, like browsing the web or instant messaging, can protect 100% from end-to-end correlation attacks. In this case, VPNs (Virtual Private Networks) are less secure than Tor, because they do not use 3 independent relays.
 
03/06/2025
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A powerful adversary, who could analyze the timing and shape of the traffic entering and exiting the Tor network, might be able to deanonymize Tor users. These attacks are called <i>end-to-end correlation</i> attacks, because the attacker has to observe both ends of a Tor circuit at the same time.
 
03/06/2025
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The Tor network has more than 6&#8239;000 relays. Organizations running Tor relays include universities like the MIT, activist groups like Riseup, nonprofits like Derechos Digitales, Internet hosting companies like Private Internet Access, and so on. The huge diversity of people and organizations running Tor relays makes it more secure and more sustainable.
 
03/06/2025
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Tails takes extra measures to [[use different circuits for different applications|contribute/design/stream_isolation]].
 
03/06/2025
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Tor chooses 3 relays that belong to 3 different network operators for each circuit.
 
03/06/2025
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An adversary, who could control the 3 relays in a circuit, could deanonymize Tor users.
 
03/06/2025
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Adversaries watching both ends of a Tor circuit could identify users
 
03/06/2025
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Tor exit nodes have been used in the past to collect sensitive information from unencrypted connections. Malicious exit nodes are regularly identified and removed from the Tor network. For an example, see <a href="https://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2007/09/security-expert-used-tor-to-collect-government-e-mail-passwords/">Ars Technica: Security expert used Tor to collect government e-mail passwords</a>.
 
03/06/2025
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Pretend to be the destination server, a technique known as <i>machine-in-the-middle</i> attack (MitM). That is why you should pay even more attention to the security warnings in <i>Tor Browser</i>. If you get such a warning, use the [[New Identity|doc/anonymous_internet/Tor_Browser#new-identity]] feature of <i>Tor Browser</i> to change exit node.
 
03/06/2025
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Observe your traffic. That is why <i>Tor Browser</i> and Tails include tools to encrypt the connection between the exit node and the destination server, whenever possible.
 
03/06/2025

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